Grammar - 反意疑问句 Question Tags
语法要点
Basic Rule · 前面肯定，后面否定 / 前面否定，后面肯定
反意疑问句由"陈述句 + 简短问句"组成，意思相当于"对吧？""是不是？"。前面是肯定句，后面用否定形式提问；前面是否定句，后面用肯定形式提问。
He is tall, isn't he?
They can swim, can't they?
He isn't tall, is he?
They can't swim, can they?
Be 动词 · is / am / are / was / were
句子里有 is、am、are、was、were 时，反意疑问句直接用同一个 be 动词加 not（或反过来）。
He is happy, isn't he?
They were late, weren't they?
She isn't here, is she?
We aren't ready, are we?
一般现在时（无 be 动词）· 借助 do / does
如果句子没有 is、are、can 等词，并且是一般现在时的动作动词，需要借助 do 或 does 来构成反意疑问句。
You like apples, don't you?
They play football, don't they?
He likes apples, doesn't he?
Mary goes to school, doesn't she?
一般过去时 · 统一用 did
无论前面的动词过去式是什么样子，反意疑问句一律统一使用 did 或 didn't。
They went home, didn't they?
He played football, didn't he?
She didn't come, did she?
情态动词 · can / will / could / would / should / must
句子里有情态动词（can、will、could、would、should、must 等）时，反意疑问句继续使用同一个情态动词。
You can swim, can't you?
He will come, won't he?
They should study, shouldn't they?
She can't drive, can she?
have / has / had 句
如果句子本身用了 has、have 或 had，反意疑问句继续使用它们。
They have finished, haven't they?
She had left, hadn't she?
Special Case · I am → aren't I?
I am 的反意疑问句非常特殊，不能说 amn't I，固定用 aren't I。
Special Case · Let's ... 和祈使句
Let's 开头的句子用 shall we 提问；祈使句（命令句，包括否定祈使句）通常用 will you 提问。
Let's go, shall we?
Open the window, will you?
Don't run, will you?
容易搞错的地方
is / are（Be 动词句）
句子里有 is、are 等 be 动词时，直接用同一个 be 动词加 not
She is reading, isn't she?
do / does（一般现在时）
句子是一般现在时的动作动词，没有 be 动词，要借助 do 或 does
He likes football, doesn't he?
don't they（❌ 错误）
went 是过去式，不能用一般现在时的 don't
❌ They went home, don't they?
didn't they（✅ 正确）
一般过去时统一使用 did / didn't，即使前面动词是不规则过去式
✅ They went home, didn't they?
isn't he（❌ 错误）
The boys 是复数主语，不能用单数代词 he
❌ The boys are playing, isn't he?
aren't they（✅ 正确）
The boys 对应代词是 they，反意疑问句要用 aren't they
✅ The boys are playing, aren't they?
amn't I（❌ 不存在的说法）
amn't I 不是标准英语，是常见错误
❌ I'm late, amn't I?
aren't I（✅ 正确）
I am 的反意疑问句固定使用 aren't I
✅ I'm late, aren't I?
总结
基本口诀：前面肯定，后面否定；前面否定，后面肯定
Be 动词句（is/am/are/was/were）：直接用同一个 be 动词 + not
一般现在时（无 be 动词）：借助 do/don't 或 does/doesn't
一般过去时：统一使用 did / didn't
情态动词句（can/will/could/would/should/must）：继续使用同一个情态动词
have/has/had 句：继续使用 have/has/had
特殊记忆：I am → aren't I？Let's → shall we？祈使句 → will you？