Unit 11
Vocabulary
halt
停止
The car came to a halt at the light.
The soldiers were ordered to halt.
toll
死亡人数；代价
The death toll from the earthquake was high.
The illness took a toll on his health.
lavish
豪华的、奢华的
They had a lavish party with expensive food.
The hotel room was lavish.
curator
策展人（博物馆/展览负责人）
The curator showed us the paintings.
She works as a curator at the museum.
devoted
奉献的、全心全意的
She devoted her life to teaching.
He is devoted to his family.
detained
被扣留、被拘留
He was detained by the police for questioning.
The suspect was detained overnight.
intermission
中场休息（演出或比赛中间的休息时间）
We had drinks during the intermission.
The play has a short intermission.
bribes
贿赂
He took bribes from the company.
Offering bribes is illegal.
niche
小众定位；适合自己的位置
She found her niche in art.
This product serves a niche market.
excessive
过多的、过分的
Too much sugar is excessive.
Don't spend excessive money on toys.
plentiful
丰富的、充足的
Food is plentiful in this season.
There are plentiful opportunities here.
bountiful
十分丰富的、慷慨的
They had a bountiful harvest this year.
The land is bountiful.
sculptor
雕塑家
The sculptor made a statue of a lion.
She is a famous sculptor.
playwright
剧作家
He is a famous playwright.
The playwright wrote ten plays.
warden
管理员、守卫
The warden watches over the park.
He works as a prison warden.
hindered
阻碍
Rain hindered us from going out.
Noise hindered her from studying.
crucial
至关重要的
It is crucial to drink water every day.
Sleep is crucial for good health.
beneficial
有益的
Exercise is beneficial for your body.
Reading is beneficial to your mind.
makeshift
临时凑合用的
We made a makeshift bed with blankets.
He used a box as a makeshift chair.
scorched
烧焦的、烤焦的
The toast is scorched.
The ground was scorched by the hot sun.
cease
停止（比 stop 更正式）
The rain finally ceased.
They agreed to cease fighting.
Phrases
come to a halt
突然停下来
The bus came to a halt outside the school.
death toll
死亡人数
The death toll from the flood reached fifty.
devote ... to ...
把……奉献给……
devote + 时间/精力 + to + 事情
She devoted all her time to helping others.
prevent ... from ...
防止……做……
prevent + 人/物 + from + 动词ing
The fence prevents children from falling.
Grammar
可数名词 vs 不可数名词
可数用 many/a number of，不可数用 much/an amount of
There are many students but not much time.
each vs every
each（逐一看每个）/ every（整体上每个）
each 强调一个一个分开看，every 强调整体
Each student got a book. Every student was happy.
被动语态
be + 过去分词
表示某人或某物"被"做了什么
The window was broken by the boy.
Easily Confused
plentiful
bountiful
充足的，够用了
非常丰富，比 plentiful 更多更慷慨
Food was plentiful at the party.
They had a bountiful harvest.
curator
sculptor
博物馆/展览的策展人，负责管理和展示
用石头、金属等做雕塑的艺术家
The curator explained the exhibit to us.
The sculptor carved a beautiful statue.
sculptor
playwright
做雕塑的艺术家，作品是立体的
写舞台剧剧本的人，作品是文字
The sculptor used marble for the statue.
The playwright wrote three famous plays.
each
every
逐一看每一个，强调分开
整体上每一个，强调全部
Each child has a different book.
Every child loves to play.