Vocabulary - 抽象名词 Abstract Nouns
Vocabulary
childhood
童年
I had a happy childhood.
Grandpa told me about his childhood.
friendship
友谊
Their friendship is strong.
I value our friendship.
strength
力量；坚强（由形容词 strong（强壮的）变化而来）
He has great strength.
She showed her strength.
kindness
善良；好意（由形容词 kind（善良的）变化而来，不能写成 kind-hearted）
Thank you for your kindness.
She treats animals with kindness.
safety
安全（由形容词 safe（安全的）变化而来）
Road safety is important.
Safety comes first.
happiness
幸福；快乐（由形容词 happy（开心的）变化而来）
Her face was full of happiness.
Money cannot buy happiness.
freedom
自由（由形容词 free（自由的）变化而来）
The bird has its freedom.
Everyone loves freedom.
determination
决心；坚定（由动词 determine（决定）变化而来）
She showed great determination.
With determination, he finished the race.
wastage
浪费、损耗（抽象名词）（由动词 waste（浪费）变化而来，和 waste 本身（浪费；废物）不完全一样）
We should avoid wastage.
Food wastage is a problem.
excitement
兴奋；激动（由动词 excite（使兴奋）变化而来，注意拼写是 excitement）
The children shouted with excitement.
I jumped with excitement.
Grammar
Abstract Noun · 抽象名词
adjective/verb → abstract noun（表示感觉、状态或品质的名词）
Abstract noun 表示我们不能直接摸到、看到的东西，通常由形容词或动词变化而来。形容一个人或东西怎么样的词，有时可以变成表示"这种感觉、状态或品质"的名词，但变化规律不完全一样，需要把常见组合记下来。
happy → happiness | kind → kindness | strong → strength | free → freedom | excite → excitement | determine → determination
Easily Confused
kind
kindness
kind 是形容词，善良的
kindness 是抽象名词，善良（这种品质），不能写成 kind-hearted
She is a kind person.
Thank you for your kindness.
waste
wastage
waste 常用作动词或普通名词，浪费；废物
wastage 是抽象名词，强调"浪费、损耗"这种状态
Do not waste food.
Food wastage is a problem.