Unit 7
Vocabulary
invigilator
监考老师(考试时在考场里走动、监督学生的老师)
The invigilator walked around the classroom during the exam.
The invigilator caught the pupil who was cheating.
curator
策展人;博物馆管理员
The curator showed us the old paintings.
She works as a curator at the museum.
translator
翻译员
The translator speaks many languages fluently.
She works as a translator for the company.
bartender
酒吧服务员
The bartender refused to serve alcohol to teenagers.
The bartender cleaned the glasses carefully.
editor
编辑(负责检查和修改文章或书籍内容的人)
The editor checked the book for errors before it was published.
The editor corrected all the mistakes in the article.
scalded
被热液体烫伤(被热水、热汤等液体烫到,和 bruise、sprain 不同)
Darren scalded his hand when he spilt the bowl of hot soup.
Be careful not to scald yourself with the boiling water.
bruise
瘀伤;碰伤
He has a bruise on his arm after the fall.
I bruised my knee when I tripped over the step.
sprain
扭伤
She sprained her ankle during the race.
I sprained my wrist playing badminton yesterday.
fasten
系好;扣紧
Please fasten your seat belt before the car moves.
He fastened the buttons on his coat tightly.
carcass
动物尸体
The hunters found a deer carcass under the tree.
The lion dragged the carcass away from the river.
decomposed
腐烂的
The hunters found the decomposed carcass under the tree.
The decomposed fruit was covered in flies.
vain
爱虚荣的;自恋的(过于在乎自己外表,总照镜子、欣赏自己)
Jill is very vain — she is always admiring herself in the mirror.
The vain boy spent an hour doing his hair before school.
anonymous
匿名的
The actress received anonymous calls threatening to harm her.
The writer chose to stay anonymous and did not reveal his name.
tighten
拉紧;收紧
Pull the strap to tighten it around your waist.
He tightened his belt after losing weight.
heir
继承人
The prince is the heir to the throne.
He became the sole heir of the family fortune.
throne
王位;宝座
The king sat on the throne and addressed his people.
The prince will take the throne one day.
penalty
处罚;惩罚
There is a severe penalty for cheating in exams.
He had to pay a heavy penalty for breaking the rules.
severe
严重的;严厉的
The storm was so severe that schools were closed.
She has a severe headache and cannot concentrate.
revoked
被吊销;被取消
His driving licence was revoked after the accident.
The school revoked her scholarship due to poor results.
disposable
一次性的
We used disposable cups and plates at the party.
These disposable gloves are used only once.
seized
查获;没收;抓住
The police seized the stolen goods from the warehouse.
Officers seized a large amount of drugs at the border.
remedy
疗法;药方(用来治好疾病或解决问题的方法)
Honey is a popular remedy for sore throats.
Grandma made a herbal remedy to cure my cold.
captured
被抓住的;被俘虏的
The captured soldiers were tired and hungry.
The tiger was captured safely by the rangers.
prisoner
囚犯;俘虏
The prisoners were released after the war was over.
The prisoner escaped from jail in the middle of the night.
famished
极度饥饿的(比 hungry 更强烈,饿到极点的感觉)
The famished beggar lay on the cold pavement.
I was absolutely famished after the long hike.
alarmed
惊慌的;十分担心的
The teachers were alarmed when one of their pupils went missing.
She looked alarmed when she heard the loud bang outside.
toddler
幼儿;刚学走路的小孩
The toddler wiped the tears that were rolling down her cheeks.
The toddler took her first wobbly steps across the room.
pavement
人行道
The famished beggar lay on the cold pavement.
Do not ride your bicycle on the pavement.
impulse
冲动;一时的念头(未经深思熟虑、突然产生的想法或行动欲望,常用于 on impulse(一时冲动地))
She bought the dress on impulse and regretted it later.
He acted on impulse and shouted at his friend without thinking.
Phrases
make a wish
许愿
My brother made a wish when he saw the shooting star.
shooting star
流星
We all made a wish when the shooting star crossed the sky.
fasten your seat belt
系好安全带
The first thing you should do when you get into the car is to fasten your seat belt.
construction site
建筑工地
The engineers are visiting the construction site today.
go missing
失踪;不见了
The teachers were alarmed when one of their pupils went missing in the park.
Grammar
被动语态(Passive Voice)
be + past participle(过去分词)
表示"某人或某物被怎么样了",主语是动作的接受者而不是发出者。现在时用 is/are,过去时用 was/were。
The thief was caught. His licence was revoked. The prisoners were released after the war was over.
过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense)
was / were + verb-ing
表示过去某一时间点正在进行的动作。常与 when 搭配,表示"正在做某事时,另一件事突然发生了"。
She was hanging the baby's clothes when the strong wind blew. I was sleeping when the phone rang. They were playing football when it started to rain.
lie / lay / lain 的变化
lie(现在式)→ is/are lying(现在进行时)→ lay(过去式)→ lain(过去分词)
lie 表示"躺"时,过去式是 lay,不是 lied。lied 是"说谎"的过去式,不要搞混。现在进行时是 lying,注意去掉 e 再加 ing。
I lie on my bed every night. The cat is lying on the sofa right now. The beggar lay on the cold pavement. He has lain there for hours without moving.
Easily Confused
invigilator
curator
监考老师,负责考试现场的监督工作
策展人/博物馆管理员,负责管理和展示展品
The invigilator caught the pupil who was cheating.
The curator explained the painting to the visitors.
scalded
sprained
被热液体烫伤,如热水、热汤
关节扭伤,如脚踝、手腕扭到
He scalded his hand when he spilt the hot soup.
She sprained her ankle during the race.
famished
alarmed
极度饥饿,强调身体上的饥饿感
惊慌担忧,强调情绪上的担心和害怕
I was famished after skipping lunch.
The parents were alarmed when their child went missing.
captured
seized
抓住人(如战俘),强调控制住某人
查获或没收物品,强调强行取走某物
The captured soldiers were sent to the prisoner camp.
The police seized the stolen goods from the house.
penalty
remedy
处罚,因做错事而受到的惩罚
疗法/药方,用来治好问题或疾病
There is a severe penalty for cheating in exams.
Honey is a good remedy for a sore throat.
vain
anonymous
爱虚荣的,太在乎自己的外表
匿名的,不愿意透露自己身份的
The vain girl spent hours looking at herself in the mirror.
The letter was sent by an anonymous person.