Kids/Primary 1/Grammar - 动词变过去时

GrammarPrimary 1

Grammar - 动词变过去时

语法要点

Rule 1 · Most verbs: add -ed

verb + ed

大多数动词直接在末尾加 -ed 变成过去时。这是最常见的规则。

play→playedwalk→walkedjump→jumpedlook→lookedtalk→talkedcook→cookedclean→cleanedhelp→helpedask→askedstart→startedvisit→visitedpaint→painted

Rule 2 · Verbs ending in -e: add -d only

verb (ending in -e) + d

以 e 结尾的动词，只加 -d 就可以了，不需要再多加一个 e。

dance→dancedlike→likedlove→lovedlive→liveduse→usedbake→bakedsmile→smiledmove→movedtaste→tastedwave→wavedhope→hopedname→named

Rule 3 · Consonant（辅音）+ y ending: change -y to -ied

verb (consonant + y) → remove y, add -ied

以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，把 y 去掉，再加 -ied。注意：如果 y 前面是 vowel（元音字母 a/e/i/o/u），直接加 -ed（如 play→played）。

cry→criedtry→triedfry→frieddry→driedcarry→carriedhurry→hurriedcopy→copiedtidy→tidiedworry→worried

Rule 4 · Short vowel（短元音）+ single consonant: double the consonant + ed

verb (short vowel + single consonant) → double last letter + ed

如果动词是短元音，末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要把那个辅音字母重复一次再加 -ed。如果末尾有两个辅音字母，则不需要重复。

stop→stoppedhop→hoppedclap→clappeddrop→droppedskip→skippedtrip→trippedplan→plannedshop→shoppedbeg→beggedpat→patted

Irregular Verbs · 不规则动词，需要特别记

past tense is completely different（无规律，需要背）

这些动词的过去时没有规律，必须单独记忆。这是英语里最需要花时间背的部分。

go→wenteat→atedrink→drankrun→ranswim→swamsing→sangcome→camesee→sawgive→gavetake→tookmake→madebuy→boughtthink→thoughtbring→broughttell→toldfall→fellfeel→feltsit→satknow→knewfly→flewwrite→wroteride→rodewear→woreleave→leftsleep→sleptget→gothave→haddo→didsay→saidfind→foundcatch→caughtteach→taughtbreak→brokespeak→spokewake→wokedraw→drewgrow→grewthrow→threwblow→blewbuild→builtsend→sentspend→spentlend→lentkeep→keptmeet→metpay→paidwin→wonlose→losthold→heldstand→stoodunderstand→understoodforget→forgot

Special Case · Same form in past and present

verb → verb (no change at all)

有些动词过去时和现在时的形式完全一样，不需要任何变化。

cut→cutput→puthit→hitlet→letshut→shutread→readcost→costhurt→hurtset→setspread→spread

容易搞错的地方

stop → stopped

stop 是短元音 + 单辅音 p，p 要双写，变 stopped

He stopped at the red light.

jump → jumped

jump 末尾是 mp 两个辅音字母，不需要双写，直接加 -ed

She jumped over the puddle.

play → played

play 中 y 前面是元音 a，直接加 -ed

We played football yesterday.

cry → cried

cry 中 y 前面是辅音 r，要把 y 变成 -ied

The baby cried all night.

dance → danced

dance 以 e 结尾，只加 -d，不是 danceed

She danced at the party.

talk → talked

talk 以辅音结尾，加 -ed

We talked for a long time.

go → went

go 是不规则动词，过去时完全不同，要背

We went to the zoo last Sunday.

play → played

play 是规则动词，过去时直接加 -ed

We played in the park yesterday.

总结

"Rule 1: Most verbs — add -ed (play→played, walk→walked, cook→cooked)"

"Rule 2: End in -e — add -d only (dance→danced, like→liked, move→moved)"

"Rule 3: Consonant + y — change to -ied (cry→cried, carry→carried)"

"Rule 4: Short vowel + single consonant — double the consonant + ed (stop→stopped, clap→clapped)"

Irregular verbs — must memorize (go→went, eat→ate, run→ran, swim→swam, sing→sang)

Same past and present — cut, put, hit, let, read, hurt, cost

Grammar - 句子的时态